Isimiso, izici kanye nokusetshenziswa kwe-electrode arc welding

1. Umgomo wenqubo

I-Electrode arc welding iyindlela yokushisela i-arc esebenzisa induku yokushisela eqhutshwa ngesandla.Uphawu lophawu E lwe-electrode arc welding kanye nophawu lwenombolo 111.

Inqubo yokushisela ye-electrode arc welding: lapho i-welding, induku yokushisela ihlanganiswa ne-workpiece ngokushesha ngemva kwesifunda esifushane, ivutha i-arc.Izinga lokushisa eliphezulu le-arc lincibilikisa kancane i-electrode kanye nocezu lokusebenza, futhi umgogodla oncibilikisiwe ushintshela endaweni yokusebenza encibilike kancane ngendlela yeconsi elincibilikisiwe, elihlanganiswe ndawonye ukuze kwakheke ichibi elincibilikisiwe.I-welding electrode flux ikhiqiza inani elithile legesi kanye ne-slag ewuketshezi phakathi nenqubo yokuncibilika, futhi igesi ekhiqizwayo igcwalisa i-arc nendawo ezungezile yechibi elincibilikisiwe, idlala indima ekuhlukaniseni umkhathi ukuze kuvikelwe insimbi ewuketshezi.Ubuningi be-slag obuwuketshezi buncane, echibini elincibilikayo lihlale lintanta, limbozwe ngensimbi ewuketshezi ngaphezulu, ukuvikela indima yensimbi ewuketshezi.Ngesikhathi esifanayo, igesi encibilikayo yesikhumba, i-slag kanye nokuncibilika kwe-weld core, i-workpiece uchungechunge lokusabela kwe-metallurgical ukuqinisekisa ukusebenza kwe-weld eyakhiwe.

2. Izinzuzo ze-electrode arc welding

1) Imishini elula, ukugcinwa okulula.Imishini yokushisela i-AC kanye ne-DC esetshenziselwa ukushisela i-electrode arc ilula futhi ayidingi imishini eyisizayo eyinkimbinkimbi yokusebenza kwenduku yokushisela, futhi idinga kuphela ukuhlonyiswa ngamathuluzi alula asizayo.Le mishini yokushisela ilula ngesakhiwo, ishibhile futhi kulula ukuyigcina, futhi ukutshalwa kwezimali ekuthengeni imishini kuphansi, okungenye yezizathu zokusetshenziswa kwayo okubanzi.

I-2) Akukho ukuvikelwa kwegesi okusizwayo okudingekayo, induku yokushisela ayihlinzeki nje kuphela ngensimbi yokugcwalisa, kodwa futhi iyakwazi ukukhiqiza igesi evikelayo ukuze ivikele ichibi elincibilikisiwe kanye ne-weld kusuka ku-oxidation ngesikhathi senqubo yokushisela, futhi inokumelana okuqinile komoya.

3) Ukusebenza okuguquguqukayo nokuvumelana nezimo okuqinile.I-Stick arc welding ifaneleka ukushisela izingcezu ezingashadile noma amaqoqo amancane emikhiqizo, emifushane futhi engajwayelekile, etholakala ngokungafanele emkhathini neminye imithungo yokushisela okungelula ukuyifinyelela ukushisela ngomshini.I-Welding ingenziwa nomaphi lapho induku yokushisela ingafinyelela khona, ngokufinyeleleka okuhle nokusebenza okuguquguqukayo kakhulu.

4) Uhlu olubanzi lwezinhlelo zokusebenza, ezifanele ukushisela izinsimbi eziningi zezimboni nama-alloys.Khetha induku ye-welding efanele ayikwazi ukushisela kuphela i-carbon steel, insimbi ephansi ye-alloy, kodwa futhi insimbi ephezulu ye-alloy kanye nezinsimbi ezingenayo insimbi;hhayi kuphela ukushisela insimbi efanayo, kodwa futhi kungaba ukushisela izinsimbi ezingafani, kodwa futhi cast iron ukukhanda Welding kanye izinto ezihlukahlukene metal ezifana imbondela Welding.

3. ukungalungi kwe-electrode arc welding

I-1) izidingo zobuchwepheshe bokusebenza kwama-welders ziphezulu, izindleko zokuqeqesha ama-welders.Ikhwalithi yokushisela ye-electrode arc welding ngaphezu kokukhethwa kwama-electrode welding afanelekile, imingcele yenqubo yokushisela kanye nemishini yokushisela, ikakhulukazi ngamasu okusebenza okushisela kanye nesipiliyoni sokuqinisekisa ukuthi ikhwalithi yokushisela ye-electrode arc welding ngokwezinga elithile inqunywe ama-welders asebenzayo. amasu.Ngakho-ke, ama-welders kumele aqeqeshwe kaningi, izindleko zokuqeqesha ezidingekayo zinkulu.

2) Izimo zokusebenza ezimbi.Ukushisela i-Stick arc kuncike kakhulu ekusebenzeni okwenziwa ngesandla kwezishicileli kanye nokubhekwa kwamehlo ukuze kuphothulwe inqubo, umfutho wokusebenza kwabashiseli.Futhi njalo endaweni yokushisa ephezulu yokubhaka kanye nemvelo enobuthi, izimo zabasebenzi zimbi kakhulu, ngakho-ke ukuqinisa ukuvikelwa kwabasebenzi.

I-3) Ukusebenza kahle kokukhiqiza okuphansi.I-welding rod arc welding incike kakhulu ekusebenzeni okwenziwa ngesandla, kanye nemingcele yenqubo yokushisela ukukhetha uhla oluncane.Ngaphezu kwalokho, i-electrode yokushisela kufanele ishintshwe kaningi, futhi ukuhlanzwa kwe-slag yesiteshi sokushisela kufanele kwenziwe njalo, uma kuqhathaniswa nokushisela okuzenzakalelayo, ukukhiqiza kwe-welding kuphansi.

4) Akusebenzi ezinsimbi ezikhethekile kanye ne-welding plate encane.Ngezinsimbi ezisebenzayo nezinsimbi ezingancibiliki, ngoba lezi zinsimbi zizwela kakhulu ekungcoleni komoya-mpilo, ukuvikelwa kwe-electrode akwanele ukuvimbela i-oxidation yalezi zinsimbi, umphumela wokuvikela awulungile ngokwanele, ikhwalithi yokushisela ayihlangabezani nezidingo; ngakho-ke awukwazi ukusebenzisa i-arc welding ye-electrode.Izinsimbi ezincibilikayo eziphansi kanye nama-alloys azo azikwazi ukushiselwa nge-electrode arc welding ngoba izinga lokushisa le-arc liphezulu kakhulu kubo.

4. Ibanga lesicelo

I-1) Isebenza kuwo wonke ama-welding, ukushuba kwe-workpiece ngaphezu kuka-3mm

2) Uhla lwensimbi olushiselwayo: izinsimbi ezingashiselwa zihlanganisa insimbi ye-carbon, insimbi ephansi ye-alloy, insimbi engagqwali, insimbi ekwazi ukumelana nokushisa, ithusi nama-alloys ayo;izinsimbi ezingashiselwa kodwa ezingashiswa ngaphambili, zishiswe ngemuva noma zombili zifake insimbi ekhonjiwe, insimbi enamandla amakhulu, insimbi ecishiwe, njll.;izinsimbi ezincibilika eziphansi ezingakwazi ukushiselwa njenge-Zn/Pb/Sn nama-alloys ayo, izinsimbi ezingancibiliki njenge-Ti/Nb/Zr, njll.

I-3) Isakhiwo somkhiqizo esifaneleka kakhulu kanye nemvelo yokukhiqiza: imikhiqizo enezakhiwo eziyinkimbinkimbi, enezikhundla ezihlukahlukene zendawo, ama-welds angenziwa kalula ngemishini noma ezenzakalelayo;imikhiqizo eshiselwe enenani elilodwa noma ephansi kanye neminyango yokufaka noma yokulungisa.